EclipseWise - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 116

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 116

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every solar eclipse belonging to Saros 116 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 116
Seq Num	Rel Num	Calendar Date	TD of Greatest Eclipse	ΔT s	ΔT Sigma s	Luna Num	Ecl Type	QLE	Gamma	Ecl Mag	Lat °	Long °	Sun Alt °	Path Width km	Central Dur
1	-35	0727-Jun-23	22:34:26	3544	95	-15739	Pb	t-	-1.4764	0.1080	65S	161W	0	-	-
2	-34	0745-Jul-04	05:53:09	3387	92	-15516	P	t-	-1.4086	0.2380	65S	78E	0	-	-
3	-33	0763-Jul-15	13:14:15	3237	89	-15293	P	t-	-1.3433	0.3624	64S	42W	0	-	-
4	-32	0781-Jul-25	20:37:45	3088	86	-15070	P	t-	-1.2803	0.4814	63S	163W	0	-	-
5	-31	0799-Aug-06	04:06:00	2939	83	-14847	P	t-	-1.2218	0.5908	62S	75E	0	-	-
6	-30	0817-Aug-16	11:38:11	2797	80	-14624	P	t-	-1.1671	0.6919	62S	48W	0	-	-
7	-29	0835-Aug-27	19:17:23	2656	78	-14401	P	t-	-1.1187	0.7803	61S	172W	0	-	-
8	-28	0853-Sep-07	03:02:35	2516	75	-14178	P	t-	-1.0756	0.8576	61S	62E	0	-	-
9	-27	0871-Sep-18	10:54:44	2385	72	-13955	P	t-	-1.0390	0.9223	61S	65W	0	-	-
10	-26	0889-Sep-28	18:53:54	2254	69	-13732	P	t-	-1.0087	0.9746	61S	166E	0	-	-
11	-25	0907-Oct-10	03:00:31	2129	67	-13509	A	p-	-0.9852	0.9869	63S	54E	9	292	00m47s
12	-24	0925-Oct-20	11:13:54	2010	64	-13286	A	p-	-0.9678	0.9827	65S	67W	14	250	01m03s
13	-23	0943-Oct-31	19:32:02	1892	61	-13063	A	p-	-0.9549	0.9783	68S	167E	17	265	01m19s
14	-22	0961-Nov-11	03:56:10	1781	59	-12840	A	p-	-0.9476	0.9739	71S	36E	18	298	01m35s
15	-21	0979-Nov-22	12:23:25	1673	56	-12617	A	p-	-0.9440	0.9699	75S	98W	19	335	01m49s
16	-20	0997-Dec-02	20:53:23	1566	54	-12394	A	p-	-0.9430	0.9663	79S	123E	19	375	02m02s
17	-19	1015-Dec-14	05:22:14	1473	52	-12171	A	p-	-0.9421	0.9633	82S	20W	19	407	02m14s
18	-18	1033-Dec-24	13:51:08	1381	49	-11948	A	p-	-0.9419	0.9609	86S	180W	19	435	02m24s
19	-17	1052-Jan-04	22:16:12	1291	47	-11725	A	p-	-0.9396	0.9591	86S	14W	20	446	02m33s
20	-16	1070-Jan-15	06:36:59	1211	45	-11502	A	p-	-0.9346	0.9580	83S	175E	20	440	02m42s
21	-15	1088-Jan-26	14:50:52	1130	43	-11279	A	p-	-0.9250	0.9575	79S	29E	22	415	02m50s
22	-14	1106-Feb-05	22:58:14	1054	41	-11056	A	p-	-0.9107	0.9575	74S	107W	24	378	02m59s
23	-13	1124-Feb-17	06:56:03	986	39	-10833	A	p-	-0.8894	0.9581	68S	123E	27	335	03m08s
24	-12	1142-Feb-27	14:44:56	918	37	-10610	A	p-	-0.8615	0.9589	61S	3W	30	294	03m17s
25	-11	1160-Mar-09	22:23:35	856	35	-10387	A	p-	-0.8260	0.9599	54S	125W	34	256	03m28s
26	-10	1178-Mar-21	05:53:11	799	33	-10164	A	p-	-0.7839	0.9610	46S	116E	38	225	03m39s
27	-9	1196-Mar-31	13:11:05	742	31	-9941	A	p-	-0.7326	0.9621	38S	1E	43	200	03m52s
28	-8	1214-Apr-11	20:20:46	690	29	-9718	A	p-	-0.6752	0.9629	30S	111W	47	180	04m05s
29	-7	1232-Apr-22	03:20:12	640	28	-9495	A	p-	-0.6097	0.9636	22S	140E	52	165	04m18s
30	-6	1250-May-03	10:13:08	590	26	-9272	A	p-	-0.5398	0.9639	15S	34E	57	155	04m32s
31	-5	1268-May-13	16:56:19	551	24	-9049	A	p-	-0.4622	0.9638	7S	70W	62	147	04m44s
32	-4	1286-May-24	23:36:12	512	23	-8826	A	p-	-0.3826	0.9632	0S	172W	68	144	04m55s
33	-3	1304-Jun-04	06:09:33	474	21	-8603	A	nn	-0.2978	0.9622	6N	89E	73	144	05m04s
34	-2	1322-Jun-15	12:41:44	442	20	-8380	A	nn	-0.2127	0.9607	11N	10W	78	146	05m11s
35	-1	1340-Jun-25	19:10:35	410	20	-8157	A	nn	-0.1254	0.9587	16N	107W	83	151	05m16s
36	0	1358-Jul-07	01:41:43	380	20	-7934	Am	nn	-0.0405	0.9562	20N	157E	88	160	05m22s
37	1	1376-Jul-17	08:13:11	351	20	-7711	A	nn	0.0438	0.9533	22N	60E	87	171	05m30s
38	2	1394-Jul-28	14:48:15	323	20	-7488	A	nn	0.1248	0.9501	24N	37W	83	184	05m40s
39	3	1412-Aug-07	21:27:44	298	20	-7265	A	nn	0.2017	0.9465	24N	134W	78	201	05m55s
40	4	1430-Aug-19	04:13:50	275	20	-7042	A	np	0.2729	0.9428	24N	126E	74	219	06m13s

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 116
Seq Num	Rel Num	Calendar Date	TD of Greatest Eclipse	ΔT s	ΔT Sigma s	Luna Num	Ecl Type	QLE	Gamma	Ecl Mag	Lat °	Long °	Sun Alt °	Path Width km	Central Dur
41	5	1448-Aug-29	11:07:03	252	20	-6819	A	-p	0.3379	0.9389	23N	24E	70	239	06m37s
42	6	1466-Sep-09	18:07:52	232	20	-6596	A	-p	0.3965	0.9351	22N	80W	67	260	07m05s
43	7	1484-Sep-20	01:17:53	213	20	-6373	A	-p	0.4474	0.9313	21N	172E	63	283	07m39s
44	8	1502-Oct-01	08:36:15	194	20	-6150	A	-p	0.4913	0.9277	19N	63E	60	306	08m16s
45	9	1520-Oct-11	16:03:18	176	20	-5927	A	-p	0.5277	0.9244	18N	49W	58	329	08m57s
46	10	1538-Oct-22	23:38:40	158	20	-5704	A	-p	0.5571	0.9214	17N	164W	56	351	09m41s
47	11	1556-Nov-02	07:22:12	143	20	-5481	A	-p	0.5798	0.9190	16N	79E	54	370	10m24s
48	12	1574-Nov-13	15:12:16	132	20	-5258	A	-p	0.5970	0.9171	15N	40W	53	387	11m03s
49	13	1592-Dec-03	23:07:15	122	20	-5035	A	-p	0.6102	0.9159	15N	160W	52	401	11m36s
50	14	1610-Dec-15	07:06:47	102	18	-4812	A	-p	0.6195	0.9153	15N	78E	52	409	11m56s
51	15	1628-Dec-25	15:08:46	76	16	-4589	A	-p	0.6264	0.9153	15N	44W	51	413	12m02s
52	16	1647-Jan-05	23:10:59	50	13	-4366	A	-p	0.6336	0.9161	17N	167W	51	413	11m50s
53	17	1665-Jan-16	07:11:51	30	10	-4143	A	-p	0.6419	0.9174	19N	71E	50	409	11m24s
54	18	1683-Jan-27	15:10:08	12	8	-3920	A	-p	0.6525	0.9195	22N	51W	49	401	10m44s
55	19	1701-Feb-07	23:04:53	8	5	-3697	A	-p	0.6662	0.9219	26N	172W	48	393	09m55s
56	20	1719-Feb-19	06:52:57	10	4	-3474	A	-p	0.6855	0.9250	31N	69E	47	384	09m01s
57	21	1737-Mar-01	14:35:17	11	4	-3251	A	-p	0.7098	0.9283	36N	50W	45	378	08m04s
58	22	1755-Mar-12	22:09:32	13	3	-3028	A	-p	0.7413	0.9319	42N	167W	42	375	07m07s
59	23	1773-Mar-23	05:36:57	16	2	-2805	A	-p	0.7785	0.9357	49N	76E	39	378	06m13s
60	24	1791-Apr-03	12:55:13	16	1	-2582	A	-p	0.8236	0.9394	57N	40W	34	394	05m21s
61	25	1809-Apr-14	20:07:11	12	1	-2359	A	-p	0.8742	0.9429	66N	157W	29	435	04m35s
62	26	1827-Apr-26	03:11:14	9	1	-2136	A	-p	0.9316	0.9458	75N	73E	21	559	03m53s
63	27	1845-May-06	10:09:00	6	1	-1913	An	-t	0.9945	0.9462	73N	111W	4	-	03m15s
64	28	1863-May-17	17:00:45	7	0	-1690	P	-t	1.0627	0.8607	69N	127E	0	-	-
65	29	1881-May-27	23:48:40	-5	0	-1467	P	-t	1.1345	0.7370	68N	13E	0	-	-
66	30	1899-Jun-08	06:33:43	-3	0	-1244	P	-t	1.2089	0.6077	67N	99W	0	-	-
67	31	1917-Jun-19	13:16:21	20	0	-1021	P	-t	1.2857	0.4730	66N	150E	0	-	-
68	32	1935-Jun-30	19:59:46	24	0	-798	P	-t	1.3623	0.3375	65N	39E	0	-	-
69	33	1953-Jul-11	02:44:14	31	0	-575	P	-t	1.4388	0.2015	64N	72W	0	-	-
70	34	1971-Jul-22	09:31:55	42	0	-352	Pe	-t	1.5130	0.0690	64N	177E	0	-	-

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 116

Solar eclipses of Saros 116 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 0727 Jun 23. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 1971 Jul 22. The total duration of Saros series 116 is 1244.08 years.

Summary of Saros 116

First Eclipse	0727 Jun 23
Last Eclipse	1971 Jul 22
Series Duration	1244.08 Years
No. of Eclipses	70
Sequence	10P 53A 7P

Saros 116 is composed of 70 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 116
Eclipse Type	Symbol	Number	Percent
All Eclipses	-	70	100.0%
Partial	P	17	24.3%
Annular	A	53	75.7%
Total	T	0	0.0%
Hybrid	H	0	0.0%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 116 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 116
Classification	Number	Percent
All Umbral Eclipses	53	100.0%
Central (two limits)	52	98.1%
Central (one limit)	1	1.9%
Non-Central (one limit)	0	0.0%

The 70 eclipses in Saros 116 occur in the following order : 10P 53A 7P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 116 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 116
Extrema Type	Date	Duration	Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse	1628 Dec 25	12m02s	-
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse	0907 Oct 10	00m47s	-
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse	0889 Sep 28	-	0.97457
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse	1971 Jul 22	-	0.06899

Panorama of Solar Eclipses of Saros 116

Catalog of Saros Series of Solar Eclipses

Links to Additional Solar Eclipse Predictions

Home - home page of EclipseWise with predictions for both solar and lunar eclipses

Solar Eclipses - primary page for solar eclipse predictions
Solar Eclipse Links - detailed directory of links
Solar Eclipse Basics - a primer on solar eclipses

Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series - covers Saros series -30 through 190
Six Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses - from -2999 to +3000 (3000 BCE to 3000 CE)
World Atlas of Solar Eclipse Maps - index page for world eclipse maps covering 5 millennia
Javascript Solar Eclipse Explorer - calculate all solar eclipses visible from a city

Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500 - link to the publication

MrEclipse.com - eclipse resources and tips on photography
Solar Eclipses for Beginners - a primer on solar eclipse basics
How to Photograph a Solar Eclipse - instructions for imaging an eclipse of the Sun
MrEclipse Photo Index - an index of solar eclipse photographs

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.