EclipseWise - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 69

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 69

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every solar eclipse belonging to Saros 69 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 69
Seq Num	Rel Num	Calendar Date	TD of Greatest Eclipse	ΔT s	ΔT Sigma s	Luna Num	Ecl Type	QLE	Gamma	Ecl Mag	Lat °	Long °	Sun Alt °	Path Width km	Central Dur
1	-42	-0724-Dec-09	02:48:23	20544	517	-33680	Pb	t-	1.5523	0.0053	67N	130W	0	-	-
2	-41	-0706-Dec-20	11:15:16	20254	510	-33457	P	t-	1.5450	0.0162	66N	91E	0	-	-
3	-40	-0688-Dec-30	19:39:58	19965	503	-33234	P	t-	1.5352	0.0312	65N	47W	0	-	-
4	-39	-0669-Jan-11	03:59:19	19678	496	-33011	P	t-	1.5203	0.0555	64N	177E	0	-	-
5	-38	-0651-Jan-21	12:14:07	19394	488	-32788	P	t-	1.5009	0.0877	63N	43E	0	-	-
6	-37	-0633-Feb-01	20:22:00	19112	481	-32565	P	t-	1.4750	0.1318	63N	90W	0	-	-
7	-36	-0615-Feb-12	04:22:57	18831	474	-32342	P	t-	1.4427	0.1881	62N	140E	0	-	-
8	-35	-0597-Feb-23	12:16:24	18553	467	-32119	P	t-	1.4034	0.2578	61N	11E	0	-	-
9	-34	-0579-Mar-05	20:03:02	18279	460	-31896	P	t-	1.3578	0.3399	61N	115W	0	-	-
10	-33	-0561-Mar-17	03:41:51	18004	453	-31673	P	t-	1.3050	0.4364	61N	120E	0	-	-
11	-32	-0543-Mar-27	11:14:56	17732	447	-31450	P	t-	1.2465	0.5446	61N	3W	0	-	-
12	-31	-0525-Apr-07	18:41:51	17463	440	-31227	P	t-	1.1821	0.6650	61N	125W	0	-	-
13	-30	-0507-Apr-18	02:05:36	17194	433	-31004	P	t-	1.1140	0.7937	61N	115E	0	-	-
14	-29	-0489-Apr-29	09:23:51	16898	426	-30781	P	t-	1.0404	0.9338	61N	5W	0	-	-
15	-28	-0471-May-09	16:41:23	16587	420	-30558	T	t-	0.9653	1.0386	67N	93W	15	511	02m06s
16	-27	-0453-May-20	23:56:38	16275	413	-30335	T	t-	0.8876	1.0460	69N	176W	27	334	02m40s
17	-26	-0435-May-31	07:13:43	15983	407	-30112	T	p-	0.8103	1.0514	69N	94E	36	291	03m07s
18	-25	-0417-Jun-11	14:30:27	15694	400	-29889	T	p-	0.7320	1.0555	67N	1E	43	270	03m31s
19	-24	-0399-Jun-21	21:52:01	15407	394	-29666	T	p-	0.6569	1.0585	64N	98W	49	256	03m53s
20	-23	-0381-Jul-03	05:16:31	15138	387	-29443	T	p-	0.5839	1.0606	60N	159E	54	246	04m13s
21	-22	-0363-Jul-13	12:46:53	14869	381	-29220	T	p-	0.5153	1.0618	54N	51E	59	237	04m30s
22	-21	-0345-Jul-24	20:22:19	14606	375	-28997	T	p-	0.4504	1.0621	48N	61W	63	229	04m44s
23	-20	-0327-Aug-04	04:05:45	14355	369	-28774	T	p-	0.3920	1.0618	42N	176W	67	221	04m54s
24	-19	-0309-Aug-15	11:56:27	14104	362	-28551	T	n-	0.3395	1.0609	36N	65E	70	212	05m00s
25	-18	-0291-Aug-25	19:54:46	13860	356	-28328	T	n-	0.2933	1.0595	29N	56W	73	205	05m02s
26	-17	-0273-Sep-06	04:02:02	13623	350	-28105	T	n-	0.2545	1.0578	23N	179W	75	197	05m00s
27	-16	-0255-Sep-16	12:17:35	13385	344	-27882	T	n-	0.2224	1.0559	17N	54E	77	189	04m55s
28	-15	-0237-Sep-27	20:41:53	13157	338	-27659	T	n-	0.1975	1.0539	11N	74W	79	181	04m50s
29	-14	-0219-Oct-08	05:12:58	12933	332	-27436	T	n-	0.1782	1.0519	5N	156E	80	175	04m43s
30	-13	-0201-Oct-19	13:51:54	12708	326	-27213	T	n-	0.1654	1.0501	0N	25E	80	169	04m37s
31	-12	-0183-Oct-29	22:36:10	12496	321	-26990	T	n-	0.1568	1.0486	4S	108W	81	164	04m32s
32	-11	-0165-Nov-10	07:25:10	12285	315	-26767	T	n-	0.1521	1.0475	8S	119E	81	160	04m28s
33	-10	-0147-Nov-20	16:17:15	12076	309	-26544	T	n-	0.1498	1.0468	11S	15W	81	157	04m26s
34	-9	-0129-Dec-02	01:11:41	11875	304	-26321	T	n-	0.1492	1.0465	13S	150W	82	156	04m25s
35	-8	-0111-Dec-12	10:05:15	11675	298	-26098	T	n-	0.1480	1.0467	15S	77E	82	157	04m26s
36	-7	-0093-Dec-23	18:57:11	11478	292	-25875	T	n-	0.1454	1.0474	15S	56W	82	159	04m28s
37	-6	-0074-Jan-03	03:45:36	11284	287	-25652	T	n-	0.1400	1.0485	15S	171E	82	163	04m30s
38	-5	-0056-Jan-14	12:30:11	11091	282	-25429	T	n-	0.1312	1.0499	15S	40E	83	167	04m33s
39	-4	-0038-Jan-24	21:07:09	10902	276	-25206	T	n-	0.1162	1.0517	13S	90W	83	172	04m37s
40	-3	-0020-Feb-05	05:38:16	10716	271	-24983	Tm	nn	0.0966	1.0536	12S	142E	85	178	04m40s

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 69
Seq Num	Rel Num	Calendar Date	TD of Greatest Eclipse	ΔT s	ΔT Sigma s	Luna Num	Ecl Type	QLE	Gamma	Ecl Mag	Lat °	Long °	Sun Alt °	Path Width km	Central Dur
41	-2	-0002-Feb-15	14:00:20	10530	266	-24760	T	nn	0.0695	1.0557	10S	16E	86	184	04m45s
42	-1	0016-Feb-26	22:15:49	10352	260	-24537	T	nn	0.0370	1.0576	8S	108W	88	190	04m50s
43	0	0034-Mar-09	06:20:30	10174	255	-24314	T	nn	-0.0043	1.0594	6S	131E	90	195	04m56s
44	1	0052-Mar-19	14:19:05	9998	250	-24091	T	nn	-0.0507	1.0609	4S	11E	87	200	05m02s
45	2	0070-Mar-30	22:07:45	9824	245	-23868	T	-n	-0.1049	1.0619	2S	107W	84	204	05m08s
46	3	0088-Apr-10	05:50:28	9650	240	-23645	T	-n	-0.1640	1.0625	1S	137E	81	207	05m15s
47	4	0106-Apr-21	13:24:47	9477	235	-23422	T	-n	-0.2299	1.0623	1S	24E	77	209	05m22s
48	5	0124-May-01	20:54:53	9305	230	-23199	T	-n	-0.2988	1.0615	1S	89W	73	211	05m26s
49	6	0142-May-13	04:19:10	9133	225	-22976	T	-p	-0.3720	1.0598	3S	159E	68	211	05m28s
50	7	0160-May-23	11:39:45	8962	220	-22753	T	-p	-0.4479	1.0573	5S	49E	63	210	05m25s
51	8	0178-Jun-03	18:57:18	8790	216	-22530	T	-p	-0.5253	1.0540	9S	62W	58	209	05m14s
52	9	0196-Jun-14	02:14:05	8618	211	-22307	T	-p	-0.6026	1.0498	13S	173W	53	207	04m54s
53	10	0214-Jun-25	09:30:24	8446	206	-22084	T	-p	-0.6795	1.0448	19S	76E	47	203	04m23s
54	11	0232-Jul-05	16:47:39	8274	202	-21861	T	-p	-0.7545	1.0389	26S	37W	41	199	03m44s
55	12	0250-Jul-17	00:07:39	8102	197	-21638	T	-p	-0.8263	1.0322	34S	152W	34	194	02m57s
56	13	0268-Jul-27	07:31:31	7930	193	-21415	T	-t	-0.8936	1.0247	43S	91E	26	188	02m07s
57	14	0286-Aug-07	14:59:14	7758	188	-21192	T	-t	-0.9568	1.0161	55S	31W	16	194	01m15s
58	15	0304-Aug-17	22:32:50	7585	184	-20969	P	-t	-1.0143	0.9707	71S	173W	0	-	-
59	16	0322-Aug-29	06:12:49	7412	179	-20746	P	-t	-1.0657	0.8738	71S	58E	0	-	-
60	17	0340-Sep-08	14:00:25	7238	175	-20523	P	-t	-1.1097	0.7915	72S	74W	0	-	-
61	18	0358-Sep-19	21:53:45	7062	171	-20300	P	-t	-1.1482	0.7201	72S	153E	0	-	-
62	19	0376-Sep-30	05:55:36	6885	167	-20077	P	-t	-1.1789	0.6636	72S	18E	0	-	-
63	20	0394-Oct-11	14:03:50	6707	162	-19854	P	-t	-1.2039	0.6182	72S	119W	0	-	-
64	21	0412-Oct-21	22:19:08	6529	158	-19631	P	-t	-1.2224	0.5848	71S	103E	0	-	-
65	22	0430-Nov-02	06:38:26	6349	154	-19408	P	-t	-1.2368	0.5589	70S	36W	0	-	-
66	23	0448-Nov-12	15:02:54	6170	150	-19185	P	-t	-1.2464	0.5419	69S	176W	0	-	-
67	24	0466-Nov-23	23:29:25	5994	146	-18962	P	-t	-1.2535	0.5292	68S	45E	0	-	-
68	25	0484-Dec-04	07:56:53	5818	143	-18739	P	-t	-1.2594	0.5190	67S	94W	0	-	-
69	26	0502-Dec-15	16:23:39	5643	139	-18516	P	-t	-1.2651	0.5091	66S	128E	0	-	-
70	27	0520-Dec-26	00:48:23	5467	135	-18293	P	-t	-1.2720	0.4972	65S	9W	0	-	-
71	28	0539-Jan-06	09:08:35	5291	131	-18070	P	-t	-1.2816	0.4805	64S	145W	0	-	-
72	29	0557-Jan-16	17:22:32	5117	128	-17847	P	-t	-1.2958	0.4561	63S	82E	0	-	-
73	30	0575-Jan-28	01:29:52	4945	124	-17624	P	-t	-1.3146	0.4237	62S	50W	0	-	-
74	31	0593-Feb-07	09:29:08	4772	120	-17401	P	-t	-1.3395	0.3806	62S	179W	0	-	-
75	32	0611-Feb-18	17:18:12	4602	117	-17178	P	-t	-1.3717	0.3248	61S	54E	0	-	-
76	33	0629-Mar-01	00:58:01	4434	113	-16955	P	-t	-1.4106	0.2575	61S	71W	0	-	-
77	34	0647-Mar-12	08:27:14	4265	110	-16732	P	-t	-1.4572	0.1767	61S	168E	0	-	-
78	35	0665-Mar-22	15:47:11	4100	107	-16509	Pe	-t	-1.5104	0.0843	61S	48E	0	-	-

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 69

Solar eclipses of Saros 69 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on -0724 Dec 09. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 0665 Mar 22. The total duration of Saros series 69 is 1388.32 years.

Summary of Saros 69

First Eclipse	-0724 Dec 09
Last Eclipse	0665 Mar 22
Series Duration	1388.32 Years
No. of Eclipses	78
Sequence	14P 43T 21P

Saros 69 is composed of 78 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 69
Eclipse Type	Symbol	Number	Percent
All Eclipses	-	78	100.0%
Partial	P	35	44.9%
Annular	A	0	0.0%
Total	T	43	55.1%
Hybrid	H	0	0.0%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 69 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 69
Classification	Number	Percent
All Umbral Eclipses	43	100.0%
Central (two limits)	43	100.0%
Central (one limit)	0	0.0%
Non-Central (one limit)	0	0.0%

The 78 eclipses in Saros 69 occur in the following order : 14P 43T 21P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 69 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 69
Extrema Type	Date	Duration	Magnitude
Longest Total Solar Eclipse	0142 May 13	05m28s	-
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse	0286 Aug 07	01m15s	-
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse	0304 Aug 17	-	0.97073
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse	-0724 Dec 09	-	0.00527

Panorama of Solar Eclipses of Saros 69

Catalog of Saros Series of Solar Eclipses

Links to Additional Solar Eclipse Predictions

Home - home page of EclipseWise with predictions for both solar and lunar eclipses

Solar Eclipses - primary page for solar eclipse predictions
Solar Eclipse Links - detailed directory of links
Solar Eclipse Basics - a primer on solar eclipses

Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series - covers Saros series -30 through 190
Six Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses - from -2999 to +3000 (3000 BCE to 3000 CE)
World Atlas of Solar Eclipse Maps - index page for world eclipse maps covering 5 millennia
Javascript Solar Eclipse Explorer - calculate all solar eclipses visible from a city

Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500 - link to the publication

MrEclipse.com - eclipse resources and tips on photography
Solar Eclipses for Beginners - a primer on solar eclipse basics
How to Photograph a Solar Eclipse - instructions for imaging an eclipse of the Sun
MrEclipse Photo Index - an index of solar eclipse photographs

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.