EclipseWise - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 38

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 38

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every solar eclipse belonging to Saros 38 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 38
Seq Num	Rel Num	Calendar Date	TD of Greatest Eclipse	ΔT s	ΔT Sigma s	Luna Num	Ecl Type	QLE	Gamma	Ecl Mag	Lat °	Long °	Sun Alt °	Path Width km	Central Dur
1	-35	-1729-Jun-26	22:01:26	40027	2670	-46116	Pb	t-	-1.5247	0.0647	67S	14E	0	-	-
2	-34	-1711-Jul-07	04:34:43	39621	2606	-45893	P	t-	-1.4484	0.1956	66S	97W	0	-	-
3	-33	-1693-Jul-18	11:14:52	39217	2541	-45670	P	t-	-1.3765	0.3189	65S	151E	0	-	-
4	-32	-1675-Jul-28	18:05:02	38815	2478	-45447	P	t-	-1.3117	0.4297	64S	37E	0	-	-
5	-31	-1657-Aug-09	01:04:25	38415	2415	-45224	P	t-	-1.2533	0.5293	63S	79W	0	-	-
6	-30	-1639-Aug-19	08:14:51	38018	2353	-45001	P	t-	-1.2030	0.6148	62S	163E	0	-	-
7	-29	-1621-Aug-30	15:34:28	37622	2292	-44778	P	t-	-1.1592	0.6891	61S	42E	0	-	-
8	-28	-1603-Sep-09	23:06:14	37229	2231	-44555	P	t-	-1.1243	0.7481	61S	81W	0	-	-
9	-27	-1585-Sep-21	06:47:00	36837	2171	-44332	P	t-	-1.0957	0.7963	61S	154E	0	-	-
10	-26	-1567-Oct-01	14:37:53	36448	2112	-44109	P	t-	-1.0747	0.8317	60S	26E	0	-	-
11	-25	-1549-Oct-12	22:36:30	36060	2053	-43886	P	t-	-1.0591	0.8582	60S	104W	0	-	-
12	-24	-1531-Oct-23	06:43:26	35675	1995	-43663	P	t-	-1.0497	0.8744	61S	124E	0	-	-
13	-23	-1513-Nov-03	14:54:48	35292	1938	-43440	P	t-	-1.0428	0.8865	61S	9W	0	-	-
14	-22	-1495-Nov-13	23:10:04	34910	1882	-43217	P	t-	-1.0383	0.8950	62S	144W	0	-	-
15	-21	-1477-Nov-25	07:26:54	34531	1826	-42994	P	t-	-1.0343	0.9028	62S	82E	0	-	-
16	-20	-1459-Dec-05	15:44:44	34154	1771	-42771	P	t-	-1.0307	0.9101	63S	54W	0	-	-
17	-19	-1441-Dec-16	23:59:08	33779	1717	-42548	P	t-	-1.0234	0.9243	64S	172E	0	-	-
18	-18	-1423-Dec-27	08:11:05	33406	1663	-42325	A-	t-	-1.0134	0.9435	65S	37E	0	-	-
19	-17	-1404-Jan-07	16:16:50	33035	1611	-42102	A-	t-	-0.9976	0.9730	66S	96W	0	-	-
20	-16	-1386-Jan-18	00:18:21	32667	1558	-41879	A	t-	-0.9775	0.9560	78S	129E	11	821	02m35s
21	-15	-1368-Jan-29	08:10:43	32300	1507	-41656	A	t-	-0.9494	0.9636	84S	43W	18	433	02m15s
22	-14	-1350-Feb-08	15:57:48	31935	1456	-41433	A	t-	-0.9160	0.9712	80S	139E	23	262	01m53s
23	-13	-1332-Feb-19	23:35:33	31573	1407	-41210	A	t-	-0.8740	0.9789	72S	2E	29	155	01m28s
24	-12	-1314-Mar-02	07:07:48	31212	1357	-40987	A	p-	-0.8265	0.9867	64S	123W	34	84	00m59s
25	-11	-1296-Mar-12	14:31:17	30854	1309	-40764	A	p-	-0.7707	0.9943	55S	118E	39	31	00m27s
26	-10	-1278-Mar-23	21:50:43	30498	1261	-40541	H	p-	-0.7103	1.0018	46S	1E	44	9	00m09s
27	-9	-1260-Apr-03	05:03:30	30143	1214	-40318	H	p-	-0.6434	1.0088	37S	114W	50	40	00m48s
28	-8	-1242-Apr-14	12:12:51	29791	1168	-40095	T	p-	-0.5724	1.0155	29S	133E	55	65	01m29s
29	-7	-1224-Apr-24	19:18:37	29441	1123	-39872	T	p-	-0.4971	1.0216	20S	21E	60	84	02m09s
30	-6	-1206-May-06	02:23:38	29093	1078	-39649	T	p-	-0.4200	1.0271	11S	90W	65	101	02m47s
31	-5	-1188-May-16	09:28:16	28747	1034	-39426	T	p-	-0.3415	1.0319	4S	160E	70	114	03m20s
32	-4	-1170-May-27	16:33:30	28403	991	-39203	T	n-	-0.2626	1.0360	4N	50E	75	125	03m46s
33	-3	-1152-Jun-06	23:41:48	28061	948	-38980	T	n-	-0.1851	1.0392	11N	60W	79	134	04m04s
34	-2	-1134-Jun-18	06:53:35	27721	907	-38757	T	nn	-0.1094	1.0418	17N	170W	84	141	04m13s
35	-1	-1116-Jun-28	14:10:01	27383	866	-38534	T	nn	-0.0369	1.0436	22N	80E	88	146	04m16s
36	0	-1098-Jul-09	21:32:30	27048	826	-38311	T	nn	0.0313	1.0447	26N	31W	88	149	04m12s
37	1	-1080-Jul-20	05:02:25	26714	786	-38088	Tm	nn	0.0941	1.0452	28N	143W	84	151	04m05s
38	2	-1062-Jul-31	12:40:40	26383	748	-37865	T	nn	0.1507	1.0452	30N	103E	81	152	03m57s
39	3	-1044-Aug-10	20:26:35	26053	710	-37642	T	-n	0.2016	1.0447	30N	13W	78	152	03m47s
40	4	-1026-Aug-22	04:22:30	25726	673	-37419	T	-n	0.2448	1.0439	29N	131W	76	151	03m38s

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 38
Seq Num	Rel Num	Calendar Date	TD of Greatest Eclipse	ΔT s	ΔT Sigma s	Luna Num	Ecl Type	QLE	Gamma	Ecl Mag	Lat °	Long °	Sun Alt °	Path Width km	Central Dur
41	5	-1008-Sep-01	12:27:17	25400	636	-37196	T	-n	0.2811	1.0428	27N	107E	74	149	03m30s
42	6	-0990-Sep-12	20:41:36	25077	618	-36973	T	-n	0.3103	1.0418	24N	17W	72	146	03m24s
43	7	-0972-Sep-23	05:03:50	24756	611	-36750	T	-n	0.3333	1.0406	21N	144W	70	143	03m19s
44	8	-0954-Oct-04	13:34:55	24437	604	-36527	T	-n	0.3496	1.0398	17N	87E	69	141	03m17s
45	9	-0936-Oct-14	22:13:00	24120	597	-36304	T	-n	0.3606	1.0391	13N	45W	69	139	03m17s
46	10	-0918-Oct-26	06:56:41	23805	591	-36081	T	-n	0.3672	1.0389	10N	178W	68	139	03m21s
47	11	-0900-Nov-05	15:45:32	23492	584	-35858	T	-n	0.3699	1.0389	6N	48E	68	140	03m26s
48	12	-0882-Nov-17	00:36:59	23181	577	-35635	T	-n	0.3707	1.0396	3N	87W	68	142	03m35s
49	13	-0864-Nov-27	09:30:11	22872	570	-35412	T	-n	0.3703	1.0406	1N	138E	68	146	03m46s
50	14	-0846-Dec-08	18:21:42	22565	563	-35189	T	-n	0.3716	1.0423	1S	3E	68	152	04m01s
51	15	-0828-Dec-19	03:12:36	22261	556	-34966	T	-n	0.3735	1.0443	2S	132W	68	159	04m16s
52	16	-0810-Dec-30	11:59:10	21958	549	-34743	T	-n	0.3789	1.0467	2S	95E	68	168	04m33s
53	17	-0791-Jan-09	20:41:08	21658	543	-34520	T	-n	0.3885	1.0495	0S	37W	67	178	04m49s
54	18	-0773-Jan-21	05:16:11	21359	536	-34297	T	-n	0.4040	1.0525	2N	168W	66	190	05m04s
55	19	-0755-Jan-31	13:45:06	21063	529	-34074	T	-n	0.4248	1.0556	6N	62E	65	202	05m17s
56	20	-0737-Feb-11	22:06:07	20769	522	-33851	T	-p	0.4524	1.0587	10N	66W	63	216	05m27s
57	21	-0719-Feb-22	06:19:01	20476	515	-33628	T	-p	0.4866	1.0617	15N	168E	61	231	05m32s
58	22	-0701-Mar-05	14:23:53	20186	508	-33405	T	-p	0.5278	1.0643	22N	43E	58	246	05m33s
59	23	-0683-Mar-15	22:21:05	19898	501	-33182	T	-p	0.5756	1.0665	29N	81W	55	264	05m28s
60	24	-0665-Mar-27	06:10:40	19612	494	-32959	T	-p	0.6298	1.0681	36N	157E	51	284	05m18s
61	25	-0647-Apr-06	13:53:13	19328	487	-32736	T	-p	0.6896	1.0689	45N	36E	46	308	05m02s
62	26	-0629-Apr-17	21:29:38	19046	480	-32513	T	-p	0.7546	1.0689	54N	85W	41	341	04m42s
63	27	-0611-Apr-28	05:01:18	18766	473	-32290	T	-p	0.8232	1.0678	64N	153E	34	390	04m16s
64	28	-0593-May-09	12:27:44	18489	466	-32067	T	-t	0.8959	1.0654	74N	22E	26	487	03m45s
65	29	-0575-May-19	19:52:15	18215	459	-31844	T	-t	0.9699	1.0606	79N	160W	13	863	03m06s
66	30	-0557-May-31	03:14:02	17940	452	-31621	P	-t	1.0458	0.9334	68N	42E	0	-	-
67	31	-0539-Jun-10	10:36:58	17669	445	-31398	P	-t	1.1201	0.7893	67N	82W	0	-	-
68	32	-0521-Jun-21	17:58:33	17400	438	-31175	P	-t	1.1949	0.6447	66N	156E	0	-	-
69	33	-0503-Jul-02	01:24:06	17131	432	-30952	P	-t	1.2661	0.5081	65N	33E	0	-	-
70	34	-0485-Jul-13	08:51:15	16826	425	-30729	P	-t	1.3354	0.3758	64N	90W	0	-	-
71	35	-0467-Jul-23	16:24:06	16514	418	-30506	P	-t	1.3995	0.2548	64N	146E	0	-	-
72	36	-0449-Aug-04	00:00:47	16204	412	-30283	P	-t	1.4599	0.1421	63N	21E	0	-	-
73	37	-0431-Aug-14	07:45:24	15915	405	-30060	Pe	-t	1.5134	0.0437	62N	105W	0	-	-

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 38

Solar eclipses of Saros 38 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on -1729 Jun 26. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on -0431 Aug 14. The total duration of Saros series 38 is 1298.17 years.

Summary of Saros 38

First Eclipse	-1729 Jun 26
Last Eclipse	-0431 Aug 14
Series Duration	1298.17 Years
No. of Eclipses	73
Sequence	17P 8A 2H 38T 8P

Saros 38 is composed of 73 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 38
Eclipse Type	Symbol	Number	Percent
All Eclipses	-	73	100.0%
Partial	P	25	34.2%
Annular	A	8	11.0%
Total	T	38	52.1%
Hybrid	H	2	2.7%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 38 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 38
Classification	Number	Percent
All Umbral Eclipses	48	100.0%
Central (two limits)	46	95.8%
Central (one limit)	0	0.0%
Non-Central (one limit)	2	4.2%

The 73 eclipses in Saros 38 occur in the following order : 17P 8A 2H 38T 8P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 38 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 38
Extrema Type	Date	Duration	Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse	-1386 Jan 18	02m35s	-
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse	-1296 Mar 12	00m27s	-
Longest Total Solar Eclipse	-0701 Mar 05	05m33s	-
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse	-1242 Apr 14	01m29s	-
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse	-1260 Apr 03	00m48s	-
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse	-1278 Mar 23	00m09s	-
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse	-0557 May 31	-	0.93339
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse	-0431 Aug 14	-	0.04365

Panorama of Solar Eclipses of Saros 38

Catalog of Saros Series of Solar Eclipses

Links to Additional Solar Eclipse Predictions

Home - home page of EclipseWise with predictions for both solar and lunar eclipses

Solar Eclipses - primary page for solar eclipse predictions
Solar Eclipse Links - detailed directory of links
Solar Eclipse Basics - a primer on solar eclipses

Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series - covers Saros series -30 through 190
Six Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses - from -2999 to +3000 (3000 BCE to 3000 CE)
World Atlas of Solar Eclipse Maps - index page for world eclipse maps covering 5 millennia
Javascript Solar Eclipse Explorer - calculate all solar eclipses visible from a city

Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500 - link to the publication

MrEclipse.com - eclipse resources and tips on photography
Solar Eclipses for Beginners - a primer on solar eclipse basics
How to Photograph a Solar Eclipse - instructions for imaging an eclipse of the Sun
MrEclipse Photo Index - an index of solar eclipse photographs

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.